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Car seats come in a variety of sizes and shapes, but each one is designed to safeguard children based on their age. It's recommended that children ride in their seat until they reach the manufacturer's weight or height limits and then get an extra seat until the vehicle belts are fitted properly, usually when they reach 4 feet 9 inches in height or age 10-12.

When you are looking for a new car seat, think about features such as fabric that is resistant to stains, removable pieces that can be washed by machines, and accessories that can be cleaned.

Rear-facing

Rear-facing car seats are designed to hold infants and toddlers, protecting their delicate necks and spines in the event of a collision. They are also safer since they spread the force of impact across a wider area. This limits spinal cord injuries.

Parents are often tempted to move their kids into forward-facing car seats before they're ready, however the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends keeping them rear-facing for as long as possible. The manufacturer will inform you when your child is ready to transition forward.

The heads of children are huge relative to their bodies and still growing, which makes them especially vulnerable in a crash. In fact the head of a child could generate up to 25 times the force of their bodyweight in an accident -- enough to cause a deadly injury. This is why children are at chance of suffering fatal head injuries when they ride in a front-facing car seat.

Many parents believe that their children have bigger necks and can make the transition to a car seat facing forward earlier. It's important to keep in mind that a child who is in the 95th percentile of their age isn't any more powerful than a kid who is 5th percentile and that no amount of push-ups by teens can change the fact that. In the case of a car accident the head of a bigger child will likely be struck with more force. This can lead to injuries to the spinal cord and brain.

If your child is no longer in their infant car seats that swivel car seat, you can convert them into a convertible car seat that lets them remain rear-facing until they reach their maximum weight or height limit. Children typically reach their height limit first. So, it's essential to follow the guidelines of the manufacturer of the car seat on when to switch them to forward-facing mode.

If your child is at the limit of weight or height of their convertible car seat, you'll need to get them into an adult booster seat. Most booster seats come with an indicator that indicates the angle to notify you when the seat is correctly installed and is ready to be turned to forward-facing mode. Use a booster only in the back of your vehicle and always wear a seat belt (never shoulder belts) to provide the most secure protection for your child.

Forward-facing

Many parents are tempted to turn their babies' car seats when they get older because it seems more convenient. But they must keep in mind that rear-facing is safer for children.

In the event of a crash that involves a baby facing forward, the neck is at risk. The head can be hit against the seat with force, causing permanent spine damage. Even if the child's neck muscles are strong enough, it is still possible to experience whiplash. This is particularly applicable to children who are younger, such as infants.

A child facing in the direction of the driver is more likely hit his head on the dashboard or even a glass in an accident. Depending on what kind of crash takes place and how fast the best car seat for newborn is moving the head could be pushed against the seat. This can cause fractures to the skull or spinal chord.

Current safety standards require kids to remain rear-facing until they weigh 20 pounds and one year old. The reason is that children younger than one year old do not have the neck strength to withstand a head-on crash, which is the most dangerous kind of car accident.

The harness and tether help keep the child's head in place and reduce neck strain. A rear-facing child will also be less likely to suffer head injuries because the impact will be cushioned by their seat.

If you have a child younger than one year old, and they are in a convertible seat or an all in one that can be turned from forward-facing to rear-facing at any time, you should read the instructions given by the manufacturer to determine if it's safe for them to face forward. The manufacturer's guidelines will tell whether or not a tether is needed and what the maximum weight and height requirements are for the particular seat.

Once your child has reached the maximum height or weight allowed by the car seat manufacturer, they are able to use a forward-facing seat with a tether. When they've reached that point, you can now take them on a trip with a booster.

Booster seat

There is no set age or size at which kids can safely stop using a booster seat. The booster seat is to be used until the child's vehicle belt is properly fitted. This could happen anywhere between 8 and 13 years old.

A booster helps a child increase their height so that they can sit upright in the car. The shoulder portion of a belt must be positioned so that it is close to the chest, but not directly above. The lap portion of the belt should rest across the thighs, not on the stomach. Booster seats come with a belt guide that helps to ensure the belt is correctly placed.

Booster seats can be bought with or without a rearrest. The most popular model is a high-back booster, which offers neck and head support for children. This is a good option for vehicles that have low backs, and no headrests. Backless boosters are less expensive but they don't offer head or neck support. Some all-in one boosters let you switch between harness and boost modes. They are suitable for children up to 65 pounds in harness mode and up to 100 pounds when used as a booster.

Some boosters come with lower anchors (LATCH) system that hooks onto the vehicle's lower anchors and a tether when one is available. Others require the seat belt to keep them in their place. Review the instruction manual for your vehicle to determine if you're able to use the lower anchors in your vehicle, and then read the booster seat instructions to learn how to utilize them.

Some parents might be enticed to let their 3 year old, 30 pound child immediately go to a booster seat since they're getting too tall for a car seat. But rushing to "graduate" your child from the harness can be dangerous. If the belt is loose children could be seriously injured or even die in an accident.

Back seat

All children should sit in the back seat of a car as long as they can with a child safety seat or booster seat that has been properly installed. Children who are too big for a rear facing car seat, or who have exceeded its weight and height limits and should be switched to a forward-facing restraint using a harness until they reach the maximum height allowed for this type of seat.

When your baby is outgrowing an infant car seats that swivel car seat you can transfer them to convertible rotating infant car seat seats or an all-in-one car seats with an option to rear-facing. Usually, these seats can be used for a period of up to two years, or until your child is over the seat's highest weight and height limit. Install the car safety seat on the middle seat of your vehicle. It can be securely fastened with the lower anchor system and seat belt.

If your child is no longer in a rear-facing car seat, they can be placed in a child restraint that is front-facing fitted with a harness and tether. These seats are generally used until your child is 57 inches in height or reaches the maximum weight and height guidelines for the seat. You can determine how tall and heavy a car seat is by studying the directions of the manufacturer or looking at the tag that is attached to the seat.

All children over the age of 18 should be seated in a booster seat or vehicle's lap belt as much as possible. If not utilize the middle back seat restraint. Additionally you should not place them in the front seat if there's an active air bag. Placing children in the front seat could increase their chances of being injured during an accident, as the impact forces are stronger on their smaller bodies.

It's a good idea bring your child to a local best car seats for newborns seat clinic or inspection station to assistance in deciding on and installing the right child safety seat. You can also determine if your child's seat has been recalled due to safety issues or defects. Then, you can buy one that is compatible with your vehicle and your child's size. If you can't try out a seat, check to see if it has a refund policy.